// LabTaxExternSpecs.swift. 11/21/2020.

import Foundation

class LabTaxExternSpecs {

let strTaxSpecs :String = """

`` Lab Specs
//	Sliders
-.50 -1.50 -.25 -1.00	// 0: Demand elasticity slider
.50 1.50 .25 1.00	// 1: Supply elasticity slider
-15.00 15.00 1.00 .00	// 2: Tax/subsidy slider
-15.00 15.00 1.00 .00	// 3: Externality slider
0 1500 50 1000		// 4: Quantity slider

//	Default Price
20			// 5: Default price

// Graph axes
0 0 1500 60		// 6: Graph axis specs


`` Prob Specs

` ******** Problem 0 Start
Screen 1 - Incidence of Taxes and Subsidies: Consumer and Firm Prices	// 0: Title

// Initial values: Demand elast, supply elast Tax/subsidy, cons extern, prod extern
-1.00 1.00 0.0 0.0 0.0			// 1: Initial values

// Input scrollbar visibility:
L L B N N L		// 2: Demand elast, Supply elast, Tax/sub,
			//	Cons extern, Prod extern, Quantity

// Surplus checkbox and label visibility
F F F F F F F	// 3: Cons, prod, govt, cons extern, prod extern, total, quantity
F F		// 4: Dwl: visibile set

` Text Start    // 5: Text
`RED`BLDObjective:`BLD Illustrate a benchmark case of tax incidence with "equal" demand and supply elasticities.`BLK

`BLDQuestion:`BLD What is the equilibrium price when there is no tax or subsidy?

Adjust the Subsidy-Tax scrollbar to specify a 15.00 tax. The consumer and firm prices differ by the 15.00, the tax. That is, the price differential is 15.00.

Note that the demand and supply elasticities are both "equal" (i.e., demand -1.0 and supply 1.0). Compare the price increase consumers experience with the price decrease of the firms. That is, how is the price differential shared between consumers and firms.
` Prob End


` ******** Problem 1 Start
Screen 2 - Incidence of Taxes and Subsidies: Importance of Demand Elasticity	// 0: Title

// Initial values: Demand elast, supply elast Tax/subsidy, cons extern, prod extern
-1.00 1.00 15.0 0.0 0.0			// 1: Initial values

// Input scrollbar visibility:
B L B N N L		// 2: Demand elast, Supply elast, Tax/sub,
			//	Cons extern, Prod extern, Quantity

// Surplus checkbox and label visibility
F F F F F F F	// 3: Cons, prod, govt, cons extern, prod extern, total, quantity
F F		// 4: Dwl: visibile set

` Text Start    // 5: Text
`RED`BLDObjective:`BLD Illustrate the effect that demand elasticity on how the magnitude of the tax is distributed between consumers and firms.`BLK

Focus on the Demand Price Elasticity scrollbar in the upper left corner of the screen. Adjust the Demand elasticity scrollbar left making demand less elastic.

`BLDQuestion:`BLD How does this affect the distribution of the price differential between consumers and firms? 
` Prob End


` ******** Problem 2 Start
Screen 3 - Incidence of Taxes and Subsidies: Importance of Supply Elasticity	// 0: Title

// Initial values: Demand elast, supply elast Tax/subsidy, cons extern, prod extern
-1.00 1.00 15.0 0.0 0.0			// 1: Initial values

// Input scrollbar visibility:
L B B N N L		// 2: Demand elast, Supply elast, Tax/sub,
			//	Cons extern, Prod extern, Quantity

// Surplus checkbox and label visibility
F F F F F F F	// 3: Cons, prod, govt, cons extern, prod extern, total, quantity
F F		// 4: Dwl: visibile set

` Text Start    // 5: Text
`RED`BLDObjective:`BLD Illustrate the effect of a supply elasticity on how the magnitude of the tax is distributed between consumers and firms.`BLK

Focus on the Supply Price Elasticity scrollbar. Adjust the Supply elasticity scrollbar left making supply less elastic.

`BLDQuestion:`BLD How does this affect the distribution of the price differential between consumers and firms? 
` Prob End



` ******** Problem 3 Start
Screen 4 - Government Revenue, Dead Weight Loss, and Tax Revenue

// Initial values: Demand elast, supply elast Tax/subsidy, cons extern, prod extern
-1.50 1.50 0.0 0.0 0.0			// 1: 

// Input scrollbar visibility:
B B B N N L		// 2: Demand elast, Supply elast, Tax/sub,
			//	 Cons extern, Prod extern, Quantity

// Surplus checkbox and label visibility
T T T F F T T	// 3: Cons, prod, govt, cons extern, prod extern, total, quantity
T F		// 4: Dwl: visibile set

` Text Start    // 5: Text
`RED`BLDObjective:`BLD Illustrate the effect that the price elasticities of demand and supply have on government revenue and dead weight loss when a tax is imposed.`BLK

New information now appears on the screen: Consumer surplus (Cons), producer surplus (Prod), government revenue (Govt), Total surplus (Total), and dead weight loss (DWL). The efficient column reports the efficient values and the market column the market values. The checkboxes on the left allow you to illustrate the surpluses as areas on the graph.

Initially, both demand and supply are elastic. The price elasticities of demand and supply equal -1.50 and 1.50. Adjust the Subsidy-Tax scrollbar to specify a tax of 10.00.

`BLDQuestion:`BLD What is the change in
	`0x2022 consumer surplus?
	`0x2022 producer surplus?
	`0x2022 government revenue?
	`0x2022 total surplus?

`BLDQuestion:`BLD What does dead weight loss equal? Illustrate the surpluses by checking the appropriate checkboxes.

Now, consider inelastic demand and supply. Respecify the price elasticity of demand to -.50 and price supply elasticity to .50.

`BLDQuestion:`BLD What is the change in
	`0x2022 consumer surplus?
	`0x2022 producer surplus?
	`0x2022 government revenue?
	`0x2022 total surplus?

`BLDQuestion:`BLD What does dead weight loss equal? Illustrate the surpluses by checking the appropriate checkboxes.

`BLDSummarize:`BLD If your goal is to raise government revenues so that dead weight loss is minimized, should elastic goods or inelastic goods be taxed?
` Prob End


` ******** Problem 4 Start
Screen 5 - Consumer Surplus, Producer Surplus, and Relative Elasticities	// 0: Title

// Initial values: Demand elast, supply elast Tax/subsidy, cons extern, prod extern
-1.50 .50 0.0 0.0 0.0			// 1: 

// Input scrollbar visibility:
B B B N N L		// 2: Demand elast, Supply elast, Tax/sub,
			//	 Cons extern, Prod extern, Quantity

// Surplus checkbox and label visibility
T T T F F T T	// 3: Cons, prod, govt, cons extern, prod extern, total, quantity
T F		// 4: Dwl: visibile set

` Text Start    // 5: Text
`RED`BLDObjective:`BLD Illustrate the effect that the relative price elasticities of demand and supply have on consumer and producer surplus when a tax is imposed.`BLK

Initially, demand is more elastic than supply. The price elasticities of demand equal -1.50 and supply .50. Specify a tax of 8.00.

`BLDQuestion:`BLD What is the change in
	`0x2022    consumer surplus?
	`0x2022    producer surplus?
`BLDQuestion:`BLD Is the bulk of the tax burden on consumers or firms?

Now consider the opposite case, supply more elastic than demand. Reset the price elasticity of demand to -.50 and price supply elasticity to 1.50. 

`BLDQuestion:`BLD What is the change in
   consumer surplus?
   producer surplus?
`BLDQuestion:`BLD Is the bulk of the tax burden on consumers or firms?

`BLDSummarize:`BLD How do the relative price elasticities of demand and supply affect how the burden of a tax is shared between consumers and firms?
` Prob End


"""

let strExternSpecs :String = """

`` Lab Specs
//	Sliders
-.50 -1.50 -.25 -1.00	// 0: Demand elasticity slider
.50 1.50 .25 1.00	// 1: Supply elasticity slider
-20.00 20.00 2.00 .00	// 2: Tax/subsidy slider
-10.00 10.00 2.00 .00	// 3: Externality slider
0 1500 50 1000		// 4: Quantity slider

//	Default Price
20			// 5: Default price

// Graph axes
0 0 1500 60		// 6: Graph axis specs


`` Prob Specs

` ******** Problem 0 Start
Screen 1 - Consumption and Production Externalities	// 0: Title

// Initial values: Demand elast, supply elast Tax/subsidy, cons extern, prod extern
-1.00 1.00 0.0 0.0 0.0			// 1: 

// Input scrollbar visibility:
N N N L B B		// 2: Demand elast, Supply elast, Tax/sub,
			//	Cons extern, Prod extern, Quantity

// Surplus checkbox and label visibility
F F T T T T T	// 3: Cons, prod, govt, cons extern, prod extern, total, quantity
T F		// 4: Dwl: visibile set

` Text Start    // 5: Text
`RED`BLDObjective:`BLD Illustrate the effect of an externality on a market's efficiency.`BLK

Check the dead weight loss (DWL) checkbox immediately above and to the left of this text box to illustrate the dead weight loss on the graph. Initially, the dead weight loss equals 0.

Next, use the Prod Exter scrollbar, to specify a negative production externality of $10.00 (-10.00).

The new green line appearing on the graph is the "social" supply curve (SS). The social supply curve includes the $10.00 negative externality. Hence the social supply curve lies $10.00 above the blue market supply curve (S) because there is no tax.

What does the dead weight loss at the equilibrium price and quantity equal? Since the dead weight loss exceeds 0, a "market failure" results as indicated by the dead weight loss black triangle on the graph. In the presence of an externality, a market fails to operate efficiently. 

Using the quantity scrollbar find the efficient quantity, the quantity at which total surplus is maximized and dead weight loss equals 0.
` Prob End

` ******** Problem 1 Start
Screen 2 - Consumption and Production Externalities: Surpluses	// 0: Title

// Initial values: Demand elast, supply elast Tax/subsidy, cons extern, prod extern
-1.00 1.00 0.0 0.0 -10.0			// 1: 

// Input scrollbar visibility:
N N B L L N		// 2: Demand elast, Supply elast, Tax/sub,
			//	Cons extern, Prod extern, Quantity

// Surplus checkbox and label visibility
T T T T T T T	// 3: Cons, prod, govt, cons extern, prod extern, total, quantity
T T		// 4: Dwl: visibile set

` Text Start    // 5: Text
`RED`BLDObjective:`BLD Illustrate how the imposition of a Pigovian tax or subsidy, remedies a market failure thereby permitting the market to operate efficiently.`BLK

A negative production externality of $10.00 has been specified. The black triangle on the graph illustrates the dead weight loss. 

Using the subsidy-tax scrollbar find the tax or subsidy that would result in the efficient quantity. How are the tax and the externality related?
` Prob End


"""


}